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1922 — Joseph V. Brady was born. Brady's work in behavioral biology includes well-known studies of ulcers in "executive monkeys" and the selective effects of reserpine on anxiety responses. He later applied experimental methods to problems of space flight and the prevention of drug abuse. APA Distinguished Scientific Award for Applications of Psychology, 1991.
1927 — Charles D. Spielberger was born. Spielberger's research has focused on anxiety, curiosity, the expression and control of anger, and stress management. His State-Trait Anxiety Inventory has been widely used in treatment and research. APA President, 1991.
1934 — George Sperling was born. Sperling contributed to the fields of visual information processing and attention. He studied short-term visual persistence, the modeling of binocular vision, mechanisms and limitations of high-speed visual search, and the nature of attentional limits in visual perception. APA Distinguished Scientific Contribution Award, 1988.
1957 — The constitution of the Christian Association for Psychological Studies was adopted at the group's first business meeting in Holland, Michigan.
1975 — The APA Monitor announced the APA Minority Fellowship Program, funded with a $1 million grant from the National Institute for Mental Health Center for Minority Group Mental Health Programs, headed by psychologist Dalmas Taylor. The first awards were given to 24 students.
1979 — At about 4:00 p.m., a temporary clog developed in a feed water line at the Three Mile Island nuclear power plant near Harrisburg, Pennsylvania. An analysis of the human responses and mechanical design characteristics of the Three Mile Island crisis became a classic in the fields of human factors and engineering psychology.
1980 — The Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics opened in Nijmegen, The Netherlands. Dutch psychologist Willem Levelt was the first director of the institute. The institute expanded in size and moved to new quarters on April 18, 1986.
1991 — The permanent Psychology Exhibition opened at the Ontario Science Centre in Toronto. The 5,000 sq ft (465 sq m) exhibit was a joint product of the centre, the APA, and the Association of Science-Technology Centers.
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