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1813 — The first private psychiatric hospital in the United States was founded in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The hospital was called The Asylum for the Relief of Persons Deprived of the Use of Their Reason and was administered by the Religious Society of Friends (Quakers). In 1914 its name was changed to Friends Hospital. The hospital was opened for the admission of patients in 1817.
1818 — The U.S. Army Medical Corps was founded, with physician Joseph Lovell as its surgeon general.
1886 — Edward C. Tolman was born. Tolman's purposive behaviorism merged cognitive elements such as expectations of reinforcement and cognitive maps into behavioral learning theory. Tolman won national admiration during the McCarthy era by organizing a protest against a state-mandated faculty loyalty oath. APA President, 1937; APA Distinguished Scientific Contribution Award, 1957.
1925 — Roger Brown was born. Brown is noted for his work in psycholinguistics and social psychology and for an important longitudinal study on language development in three children, Adam, Eve, and Sarah. APA Distinguished Scientific Contribution Award, 1971.
1931 — Edward C. Tolman wrote the foreword to his book Purposive Behavior in Animals and Men.
1952 — Romania issued a postage stamp honoring Ivan Pavlov.
1962 — The Saskatchewan Psychological Association was incorporated.
1964 — Charles Cofer and Mortimer Appley's widely used textbook Motivation was published.
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